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pwd and ls before any copy, move or delete; deletion is final.chmod u+x makes your script runnable.> rewrites, >> appends, 2> catches errors, and | feeds one command's output to the next.C-g always rescues you, and M-x opens every command by name.Esc returns to command mode, i types, :wq saves and exits.| Term | Definition | Part |
|---|---|---|
| Kernel | The program managing CPU, memory, files and devices | 1 |
| Distribution | Kernel + tools + package manager + defaults | 1 |
| System Call | A request a program makes to the kernel for a service | 1 |
| Shell | A program that reads and runs your text commands | 2 |
| Absolute path | A path starting from the root / | 2 |
| Relative path | A path starting from the current directory | 2 |
| man page | The official documentation of a command, opened with man | 2 |
| Permissions | Nine rwx letters for three classes: owner, group, others | 3 |
| chmod | The command that changes a file's permissions by letters or numbers | 3 |
| Redirection | Sending a command's output or errors to a file instead of the screen | 4 |
| Pipe | Making one command's output the next command's input directly | 4 |
| Buffer | An in-memory copy of a file inside Emacs | 5 |
| Kill ring | The list of cut texts in Emacs | 5 |
| Mark / Region | A position you set and the text between it and the cursor | 5 |
| Command mode | The vi mode where keys act as commands | 6 |
| Insert mode | The vi mode where keys type text | 6 |
| Integrated terminal | A shell inside the VS Code window | 7 |
| Extension | A package that adds capabilities to VS Code | 7 |
| Sandbox | A temporary isolated environment for experimenting | 7 |
| Prompt formula | Problem, Signal, Tiny guess, Ask | 8 |
| find | Finds files by name, type, size and date. | 9 |
| grep | Searches for text or a pattern inside files. | 9 |
| PID | The number identifying each running process. | 9 |
| shebang | The first line #!/usr/bin/env bash naming the interpreter. | 10 |
| $1 | The first argument passed to the script. | 10 |
| $? | The last command's exit code: 0 is success. | 10 |
| cmdlet | A PowerShell command in Verb-Noun form, like Get-Process. | 11 |
| Get-Member | Shows the properties and methods of objects in the pipeline. | 11 |
| $_ | The current object inside Where-Object or ForEach-Object. | 11 |
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